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originator of a message wishes the addressee to be informed
Note 1. While the provisions of Chapter 8 are based that Roman figures are intended, the Arabic figure or figures
primarily on the use of controller-pilot data link shall be written and preceded by the word ROMAN.
communications (CPDLC), the provisions of 8.1 would apply
to other data link applications, where applicable, including
Data link flight information services (e.g. D-ATIS, D-
8.1.2 Display of data link messages
VOLMET, etc.).
8.1.2.1 Ground and airborne systems shall allow for
Note 2. For the purposes of these provisions, the
messages to be appropriately displayed, printed when required,
communication procedures applicable to the aeronautical
and stored in a manner that permits timely and convenient
mobile service, as appropriate, also apply to the aeronautical
retrieval should such action be necessary.
mobile satellite service.
8.1.2.2 Whenever textual presentation is required, the
English language shall be displayed as a minimum.
8.1.1 Composition of data link messages
8.1.1.1 The text of messages shall be composed in
standard message format (e.g. CPDLC message set), in plain
8.2 CPDLC procedures
language or in abbreviations and codes, as prescribed in 3.7.
Plain language shall be avoided when the length of the text can
Note. The CPDLC message set referred to in this section
be reduced by using appropriate abbreviations and codes. Non-
can be found in the PANS-ATM, Appendix 5.
essential words and phrases, such as expressions of politeness,
shall not be used.
8.2.1 In all communications the highest standard of
discipline shall be observed at all times.
8.1.1.2 The following characters are allowed in the
composition of messages:
8.2.1.1 Recommendation. Consequences of human
performance, which could affect the accurate reception and
Letters: ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
comprehension of messages, should be taken into
(upper case only)
consideration when composing a message.
Figures: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0
Note. Guidance material on human performance can be
found in the Human Factors Training Manual (Doc 9683) and
Other signs: - (hyphen)
Human Factors Guidelines for Air Traffic Management (ATM)
? (question mark)
Systems (Doc 9758).
: (colon)
( (open bracket)
8.2.2 Ground and airborne systems shall provide
) (close bracket)
controllers and pilots with the capability to review and validate
. (full stop, period, or decimal point)
any operational messages they send.
, (comma)
(apostrophe)
8.2.3 Ground and airborne systems shall provide
= (double hyphen or equal sign)
controllers and pilots with the capability to review, validate
/ (oblique)
and when applicable, acknowledge any operational messages
+ (plus sign)
they receive.
and the space character.
8.2.4 The controller shall be provided with the capability
to respond to messages, including emergencies, to issue
Characters other than those listed above shall not be used in clearances, instructions and advisories, and to request and
messages. provide information, as appropriate.
ANNEX 10 VOLUME II 8-1 1/11/01
Annex 10 Aeronautical Telecommunications Volume II
8.2.5 The pilot shall be provided with the capability to controller. No other reasons for airborne rejection of ATC unit-
respond to messages, to request clearances and information, to initiation of CPDLC shall be permitted.
report information, and to declare or cancel an emergency.
8.2.6 The pilot and the controller shall be provided with
8.2.9 Exchange of operational CPDLC messages
the capability to exchange messages which do not conform to
defined formats (i.e. free text messages).
8.2.9.1 Controllers and pilots shall construct CPDLC
messages using the defined message set, a free text message or
8.2.7 Unless specified by the appropriate ATS authority,
a combination of both.
voice read-back of CPDLC messages shall not be required.
8.2.9.1.1 PANS. When CPDLC is being used, and the
intent of the message is included in the CPDLC message set
8.2.8 Establishment of CPDLC
contained in the PANS-ATM, Appendix 5, the associated
message shall be used.
8.2.8.1 The controller and the pilot shall be informed
when CPDLC has been successfully established.
8.2.9.1.2 PANS. Except as provided by 8.2.12.1, when
a controller or pilot communicates via CPDLC, the response
8.2.8.2 PANS. CPDLC shall be established in
should be via CPDLC. When a controller or pilot
sufficient time to ensure that the aircraft is communicating
communicates via voice, the response should be via voice.
with the appropriate ATC unit.
8.2.8.3 The controller and pilot shall be informed when 8.2.9.1.3 PANS. Whenever a correction to a message
CPDLC is available for operational use, at initial sent via CPDLC is deemed necessary or the contents of a
establishment, as well as on resumption of CPDLC after a message needs to be clarified, the controller or pilot shall use
failure. the most appropriate means available for issuing the correct
details or for providing clarification.
8.2.8.4 The pilot shall be able to identify the air traffic
control unit providing the air traffic control service at any time
Note. The following procedures may be applied by the
while the service is being provided.
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